Sociology: Core Concepts & Theorists

Who is the French philosopher credited with coining the term 'sociology' and establishing the perspective of positivism?

Auguste Comte

What term describes the informal rules and expectations that guide the behavior of members within a society?

Norms

In Marxist theory, which social class owns the means of production?

The Bourgeoisie

What is the lifelong social experience by which individuals develop their human potential and learn culture?

Socialization

What research term refers to a smaller, manageable version of a larger group that is used to represent the whole population?

Sample

What concept refers to the movement of individuals or groups between different levels of the social hierarchy?

Social mobility

How did Émile Durkheim define 'anomie'?

A state of normlessness or social instability resulting from a breakdown in standards and values.

What is the primary distinction between folkways and mores?

Folkways are norms for routine or casual interaction, while mores are norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance.

According to Max Weber, what are the three distinct dimensions of social stratification?

Class (economic position), Status (prestige), and Power (political influence).

What is Charles Horton Cooley's 'Looking-Glass Self' concept?

The idea that an individual's sense of self is derived from the perception of how others view them.