Psychology: Social Psychology

What is the tendency for observers to underestimate the impact of the situation and overestimate the impact of personal disposition when analyzing another's behavior?

Fundamental Attribution Error

Which psychologist conducted the famous 1950s experiments on conformity using a line-judgment task?

Solomon Asch

Stanley Milgram's experiments at Yale University were designed to measure the willingness of participants to do what?

Obey an authority figure's instructions to harm another person.

What is the term for a generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people?

Stereotype

What term describes unselfish regard for the welfare of others?

Altruism

Which 1971 study demonstrated the powerful influence of social roles and situational variables on human behavior in a simulated jail?

The Stanford Prison Experiment

According to Leon Festinger, what is the psychological tension we experience when our behaviors and attitudes are inconsistent?

Cognitive Dissonance

In the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM), which route to persuasion occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speaker's attractiveness?

Peripheral Route

What phenomenon explains why individuals are less likely to offer help in an emergency when other people are present?

The Bystander Effect

What occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives?

Groupthink