OB/GYN: Key Clinical Concepts

According to Naegele's rule, how is the estimated date of delivery (EDD) calculated from the last menstrual period (LMP)?

Add 7 days to the first day of the LMP, subtract 3 months, and add 1 year.

What are the '4 Ts' that represent the most common causes of postpartum hemorrhage?

Tone (uterine atony), Trauma (lacerations), Tissue (retained products), and Thrombin (coagulopathy).

What is the most common anatomical site for an ectopic pregnancy?

The ampulla of the fallopian tube.

What is the primary screening tool used for cervical cancer in women aged 21 to 29?

Cervical cytology (Pap test) alone every 3 years.

What is the standard frequency of prenatal visits for an uncomplicated pregnancy up to 28 weeks gestation?

Every 4 weeks.

What are the two primary diagnostic criteria for preeclampsia?

New-onset hypertension (BP ≥140/90) and proteinuria (or end-organ dysfunction) after 20 weeks gestation.

What is the primary purpose of administering Magnesium Sulfate in a patient with preeclampsia with severe features?

To provide seizure prophylaxis (prevention of eclampsia).

According to the Rotterdam criteria, what three findings are used to diagnose Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)?

Hyperandrogenism (clinical or biochemical), ovulatory dysfunction (oligo/amenorrhea), and polycystic ovaries on ultrasound.

At what gestational age is routine screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) typically performed?

Between 24 and 28 weeks gestation.

What is the classic clinical triad of symptoms associated with endometriosis?

Dysmenorrhea (painful periods), dyspareunia (painful intercourse), and dyschezia (painful defecation).