Anatomy: Digestive System

What is the primary function of the gallbladder in the digestive process?

The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver until it is needed for fat emulsification.

Which organ is the primary site for the absorption of the majority of nutrients?

The small intestine is the primary site for nutrient absorption.

Name the three segments of the small intestine in order from proximal to distal.

The three segments are the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum.

What is the name of the sphincter that regulates the passage of chyme from the stomach into the duodenum?

The pyloric sphincter.

Which enzyme found in saliva initiates the chemical digestion of carbohydrates?

Salivary amylase (also known as ptyalin).

What is the largest internal organ and gland in the human body?

The liver.

Which specific cells in the gastric glands are responsible for secreting hydrochloric acid (HCl)?

Parietal cells (also known as oxyntic cells).

What is the primary role of the hormone Cholecystokinin (CCK) in digestion?

CCK stimulates gallbladder contraction and the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas.

What are the finger-like projections of the small intestinal mucosa that increase surface area for absorption?

Villi.

Which blood vessel transports nutrient-rich, deoxygenated blood from the GI tract directly to the liver?

The hepatic portal vein.