Nursing: Medical-Surgical Concepts
Key med-surg nursing concepts including post-op care, fluid balance, and common conditions.
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What is the normal range for arterial blood pH in a healthy adult?
7.35 to 7.45
What is the primary purpose of using an incentive spirometer in the post-operative period?
To prevent atelectasis by promoting deep breathing and lung expansion.
Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with the presence of a U-wave on an ECG?
Hypokalemia
What is the immediate priority nursing action when a surgical wound eviscerates?
Cover the protruding organs with sterile dressings moistened with sterile normal saline.
Which acid-base imbalance is likely to occur in a patient with prolonged nasogastric suctioning?
Metabolic alkalosis
What are the three components of Virchow's Triad, which increases the risk for Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)?
Venous stasis, endothelial damage, and hypercoagulability.
A positive Chvostek's sign is a clinical indication of which electrolyte deficiency?
Hypocalcemia
What is considered the most reliable objective indicator of a patient's pain level?
The patient's self-report of pain.
Which type of IV fluid is 0.45% Sodium Chloride (Half Normal Saline) classified as?
Hypotonic
What is the priority assessment for a patient receiving Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) morphine?
Respiratory rate and depth.
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