Histology: Epithelial Tissue

What is the primary difference between simple and stratified epithelium?

Simple epithelium consists of a single layer of cells, while stratified epithelium consists of two or more layers.

Where is simple squamous epithelium primarily found in the lungs to facilitate gas exchange?

In the alveoli (air sacs) of the lungs.

What is the main function of a goblet cell?

To synthesize and secrete mucus to protect and lubricate the epithelial surface.

How are cuboidal epithelial cells characterized by their physical shape?

They are roughly cube-shaped, with a width approximately equal to their height and a central, spherical nucleus.

What specific name is given to the simple squamous epithelium lining blood and lymphatic vessels?

Endothelium.

Which type of epithelium is uniquely designed to stretch and is found in the urinary bladder?

Transitional epithelium (also known as urothelium).

Where is ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium most commonly located in the body?

Lining the major passages of the upper respiratory tract, such as the trachea and bronchi.

What is the primary functional difference between microvilli and cilia?

Microvilli increase surface area for absorption, while cilia are motile structures that move substances across the cell surface.

Which cell junction forms a seal that prevents the passage of water and solutes between cells?

Tight junctions (also known as zonula occludens).

What are the two main layers that compose the basement membrane?

The basal lamina (produced by epithelial cells) and the reticular lamina (produced by connective tissue).