Anatomy: Respiratory System
Airways, lungs, gas exchange, and breathing mechanics.
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What is the primary muscle responsible for inspiration during quiet breathing?
The diaphragm.
How many lobes are found in the right lung compared to the left lung?
The right lung has three lobes, while the left lung has two.
What microscopic structures serve as the primary site for gas exchange in the lungs?
Alveoli.
Which cartilaginous structure prevents food and liquid from entering the larynx during swallowing?
The epiglottis.
What is the medical term for the 'voice box'?
The larynx.
Define Tidal Volume (TV).
The volume of air inspired or expired during a single normal, quiet breath.
What specific type of epithelium lines the majority of the conducting airways?
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium.
What is the primary function of Type II pneumocytes in the alveoli?
The secretion of pulmonary surfactant.
Which nerve provides the primary motor innervation to the diaphragm?
The phrenic nerve.
Define Vital Capacity (VC).
The maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation.
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