Organic Chemistry: Functional Groups
Master the essential functional groups in organic chemistry — alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and more. The foundation of orgo.
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What is the name of the functional group characterized by a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a saturated carbon atom?
Alcohol
Which functional group contains a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C)?
Alkene
What is the name of the -COOH functional group?
Carboxylic acid
What functional group is defined by a nitrogen atom bonded to carbon atoms or hydrogen atoms (-NH2, -NHR, or -NR2)?
Amine
Which functional group consists of a carbonyl group (C=O) located at the end of a carbon chain?
Aldehyde
What is the name of the functional group where an oxygen atom is bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups (R-O-R)?
Ether
What is the IUPAC suffix used for naming molecules containing a ketone functional group?
-one
How does a ketone differ from an aldehyde in terms of the carbonyl group's position?
In an aldehyde, the carbonyl group is at the end of the carbon chain; in a ketone, it is bonded to two other carbons.
What is the general molecular formula for non-cyclic alkanes?
CnH2n+2
What is the IUPAC suffix for a carboxylic acid?
-oic acid
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