LSAT: Logical Reasoning Terminology
Key logical reasoning concepts and argument structures tested on the LSAT.
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What is a premise?
A statement that provides support, evidence, or reasons for a conclusion.
What is a conclusion?
The main point or claim that the author is trying to prove based on the premises provided.
Define the 'Ad Hominem' fallacy.
An argument that attacks the character or personal traits of the person making the argument rather than addressing the argument's substance.
What is a sufficient condition?
A condition that, if satisfied, guarantees that a certain result will follow.
What is a necessary condition?
A condition that must be present for a result to occur, but its presence does not guarantee that result.
What is the goal of a 'Strengthen' question?
To identify an answer choice that provides additional support for the argument's conclusion or bridges a logical gap.
What is an assumption in LSAT logic?
An unstated premise that is required for the conclusion to follow logically from the stated premises.
How do you form the contrapositive of a conditional statement?
Switch the sufficient and necessary terms and negate both of them.
Define the 'Straw Man' fallacy.
Misrepresenting an opponent's position to make it easier to attack or refute than the actual argument.
What is a 'False Dichotomy' (or False Dilemma)?
An argument that incorrectly assumes only two possibilities exist when there are actually other alternatives.
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