Korean: Speech Levels & Honorifics
Navigate Korean speech levels — formal, informal, polite, and casual registers.
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What is the name of the casual speech level used with close friends, siblings, or people younger than you?
Banmal (반말). It is the non-honorific, informal way of speaking.
Which speech level is characterized by the ending '-yo' (요) and is the most common for daily polite conversation?
Haeyoche (해요체). It is the polite informal level used with colleagues or strangers.
What is the formal polite speech level often used in the military, news broadcasts, or business presentations?
Haepsyo-che (합쇼체). It typically uses endings like '-seumnida' (습니다) or '-nida' (니다).
What is the honorific version of the verb 'to eat' (먹다 - meokda)?
Deusida (드시다). It is used when referring to a person of higher status eating.
What is the honorific version of the verb 'to sleep' (자다 - jada)?
Jumusida (주무시다). Used to show respect to the person sleeping.
What is the honorific version of the verb 'to stay/be' (있다 - itda) when referring to a person's location?
Gyesida (계시다). Used when a respected person is at a certain place.
How do you transform a regular verb into a subject honorific form to show respect to the person performing the action?
By inserting the honorific infix '-si-' (시) between the verb stem and the ending (e.g., 가다 becomes 가시다).
What is the honorific particle that replaces the subject markers 'i/ga' (이/가)?
Kkeseo (께서). It is used after the subject to show high respect.
What is the honorific noun for 'house' (집 - jip)?
Daek (댁). Used when referring to the home of a superior or elder.
What is the honorific noun for 'birthday' (생일 - saeng-il)?
Saengsin (생신). Used for elders like grandparents or parents.
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