History: African Kingdoms & Empires
Great African civilizations — Ghana, Mali, Songhai, Great Zimbabwe, Axum, and more.
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Which kingdom conquered Egypt in the 8th century BCE and ruled as the 25th Dynasty?
The Kingdom of Kush
Why was the capital of Kush moved from Napata to Meroë in the 6th century BCE?
Meroë offered abundant iron ore and timber for smelting, as well as better access to trade routes.
Which religion did King Ezana of Axum adopt in the 4th century CE, making it one of the first nations to do so?
Christianity
What was the primary geographical advantage that allowed Axum to become a major international trade hub?
Its location on the Red Sea allowed it to connect the Roman Empire with Indian Ocean trade networks.
The wealth of the Ghana Empire was primarily built on the taxation and trade of which two commodities?
Gold and salt
How did the kings of Ghana maintain the high market value of gold within their empire?
By decreeing that all gold nuggets belonged to the king, while the public could only trade gold dust.
Which Mali emperor is famous for his 1324 pilgrimage to Mecca, during which he distributed massive amounts of gold?
Mansa Musa
Who was the 'Lion Prince' who founded the Mali Empire after defeating the Soso at the Battle of Kirina?
Sundiata Keita
What was the unintended economic consequence of Mansa Musa's stay in Cairo during his Hajj?
He caused massive inflation and a collapse in the value of gold that lasted for over a decade.
How did Askia Muhammad improve the administration of the Songhai Empire compared to his predecessors?
He created a centralized bureaucracy with appointed governors and specialized ministries for finance and agriculture.
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