DAT: Dental Admission Test — Science Review

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and the detoxification of drugs and poisons?

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation p² + 2pq + q² = 1, what does the term '2pq' represent?

The frequency of the heterozygous genotype in a population.

Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for the concentration of urine via the countercurrent multiplier system?

Loop of Henle

What are the net products of one round of glycolysis for a single molecule of glucose?

2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 Pyruvate molecules.

List the taxonomic ranks in order from broadest to most specific.

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.

What is the primary structural difference between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria regarding their cell walls?

Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer and no outer membrane, while Gram-negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer lipopolysaccharide membrane.

Which hormone, produced by the posterior pituitary, increases water reabsorption in the collecting ducts of the kidney?

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH or Vasopressin)

What is the general trend for electronegativity across a period and down a group in the periodic table?

Electronegativity increases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group.

State the Ideal Gas Law equation and the units typically used for R.

PV = nRT; R is usually 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K).

According to Le Chatelier's Principle, how will an increase in pressure affect a gaseous system at equilibrium?

The equilibrium will shift toward the side with the fewer number of moles of gas.